Lyocell (Tencel)
Closed-loop wood-pulp fiber with 99% solvent recovery, silky drape, biodegradable.
What it is
Lyocell is a regenerated cellulose fiber made from wood pulp (usually eucalyptus or beech). The Tencel-branded process uses a non-toxic solvent (NMMO) recovered in a closed loop with ~99% efficiency.
Why it matters
Conventional viscose/rayon production is linked to deforestation and toxic chemical discharge. Lyocell uses FSC-certified pulp, recovers solvent, and produces a fully biodegradable fiber.
Upsides
- Closed-loop manufacturing recovers solvent and water
- Fully biodegradable and compostable
- Soft, moisture-wicking, naturally wrinkle-resistant
Trade-offs
- Energy-intensive pulping; check renewable-energy sourcing
- Generic 'lyocell' may not be closed-loop — only Tencel-branded is guaranteed
- Often blended with elastane, which kills biodegradability
What to look for on the label
Lenzing TENCEL™ branding with the EU Ecolabel or FSC-certified pulp source.
Better or comparable alternatives
Frequently asked
Is Tencel better than bamboo viscose?+
Yes for environmental impact. Most bamboo fabric is viscose-process bamboo, which uses carbon disulfide and rarely recovers it. Tencel is the cleaner regenerated cellulose option.
How does Lyocell compare to cotton?+
It uses far less water and pesticides, drapes more like silk, and dries faster, but is typically more expensive.